Deltoid muscle intramuscular injection techniques – Full Text
“This study compares the effects of the deltoid muscle intramuscular injection techniques Helfer Skin Tap, ShotBlocker, and Standard Technique on patients’ pain, comfort, satisfaction, and fear levels” Yildiz and Çiftçi (2025).
Gas gangrene infection following an intramuscular injection – Full Text
“This case reports Clostridium perfringens-induced gas gangrene and compartment syndrome after an intramuscular NSAID injection in an immunocompetent patient, an uncommon occurrence without typical risk factors” Ismail et al (2025).
Learning intramuscular injection skills
“This study aims to determine the efficiency of game-based learning in nursing students’ IMI skills training” Gokalp et al (2024).
Assessment of parental efficacy in managing child anaphylaxis using adrenaline autoinjectors
“This study aimed to assess parental self-efficacy in managing child’s anaphylaxis and administering AAI to understand how to effectively support families” Polloni et al (2024).
Learning intramuscular injection technique with immersive virtual reality
“This study was aimed at determining the effectiveness of immersive VR simulation as a learning strategy on the acquisition of intramuscular injection skills in nursing education and the performance level of nursing students compared with a physical learning environment (low-fidelity simulation)” Jallad and Işık (2024).
Modelling of intramuscular injection site events – Full Text
“IM drug research is expanding what injectable therapeutics can achieve. However, post-injection events that influence PK outcomes remain poorly understood. Until addressed, advances in IM drug development will not realize their full potential” McCartan and Mrsny (2024).
Intramuscular vaccination needle length – Full Text
“The standard needle length for deltoid intramuscular injection is 25 mm. Unfortunately, for up to 45% of adults with obesity, the standard needle can be inadequate to ensure intramuscular deposition of vaccine, with the specific deltoid injection site location also influencing the depth the needle must penetrate to reach muscle” Doppen et al (2024).
Skin-to-muscle depth for intramuscular injection
“The aim of this review was to systematically review the skin-to-muscle depth required to achieve injection into muscle in adults” Hemingway et al (2023).
Subcutaneous tissue thickness prediction equations – Full Text
“This study clarifies the predicted subcutaneous shoulder depth and investigates the safety of the conventional (three-finger breadth method) and new (axillary method) intramuscular injection methods” Kowatari et al (2023).
Is aspiration necessary during intramuscular injection – Full Text
“It can be said that there is no need to apply aspiration in IM applied into the VGS if the correct site is determined” Baran et al (2022).
Safe arm sites for intramuscular injections – Full Text
“Needle insertions done through the intramuscular route in the arm are almost always administered at a point 1 – 2 cm above the insertion of the deltoid” Surraj et al (2022).
Shoulder injury related to vaccine administration – Full Text
“A 49-year-old male presented with shoulder pain that began 1 day after intramuscular administration of an influenza vaccine and point tenderness near the site of injectionA 49-year-old male presented with shoulder pain that began 1 day after intramuscular administration of an influenza vaccine and point tenderness near the site of injection” Flores et al (2022).
Sciatic nerve injection injury research – Full Text
“We have demonstrated that any medical injections applied to the epineurial, endoneurial, or intrafascicular compartments of the sciatic nerve may cause functional and electrophysiological loss with or without deterioration of the peripheral nerve architecture” Zeynal and Kadıoğlu (2022).
Intramuscular injection site teaching – Full Text
“In the process of clinical teaching, we found that nursing interns generally felt vague about the injection site and were afraid of damaging nerve branches, which led to the inability to grasp the main points of intramuscular injection in the process of practice” Wang et al (2022).
Post-intramuscular injection paralysis – Full Text
“Post-injection paralysis (PIP) of the sciatic nerve is an iatrogenic paralysis that occurs after an intramuscular injection, with resultant foot deformity and disability” Song et al (2022).