"In patients with vascular anomalies (e.g., isolated persistent left superior vena cava [IPLSVC]), real-time ultrasound guidance during central venous catheter (CVC) placement reduces immediate procedural risks but cannot prevent delayed vascular perforation" Lyu et al (2025).
Vascular perforation in persistent left superior vena cava

Abstract:

In patients with vascular anomalies (e.g., isolated persistent left superior vena cava [IPLSVC]), real-time ultrasound guidance during central venous catheter (CVC) placement reduces immediate procedural risks but cannot prevent delayed vascular perforation. Post-procedural imaging remains critical to verify catheter tip position and mitigate complications.

Reference:

Lyu S, Wu Z. Rare Delayed Perforation of Central Venous Catheter in Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava: A Case Report. Clin Case Rep. 2025 Oct 15;13(10):e71171. doi: 10.1002/ccr3.71171. PMID: 41113297; PMCID: PMC12527815.